One-state solution
You’re probably heard people debate whether they think that a one-state solution or a two-state solution is a better way to resolve the conflict in the Middle East. In a one-state solution, all the land of Israel proper plus the occupied territories of Gaza, the West Bank, and the Golan Heights would come under a single democratic government. Israel would become a country for its citizens instead of a country only for Jews which it is now.
From a Palestinian perspective, a one-state solution seems like a good choice. They would once again have a state to protect their rights. They would once again be able to travel at will which is something that is not possible today.
Unfortunately a one-state solution is in direct opposition to Zionism and most Israelis are against it. Zionism was the European political movement started in the late 1800s that was based on the premise that Jews would never be free from persecution as long as they lived as a minority in other countries. In order to prevent persectution, they needed to have their own national homeland. An Israel that includes the occupied territories and their populations would no longer be a Jewish homeland.
As of now, there are more Jews in Israel than Palestinians. Based on the higher population growth rates of Palestinians than Jews, this will not be the case for much longer. If the two populations were put into a single state, it would only be a matter a few years until the Jews were once again the minority and they would be back to where they started as far as living as a minority in other countries. For this reason, most Israelis are very opposed to a one-state solution to this conflict.